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                                <h1 id="&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;">&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;</h1>
<h2 id="&#x7B2C;14&#x7AE0;-&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;probabilistic-model">&#x7B2C;14&#x7AE0; &#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;(probabilistic model)</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>Page319: &#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x7F51;(Markov network)</p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65E0;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3002; &#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x7C7B;&#x7528;&#x56FE;&#x6765;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x4EE5;&#x56FE;&#x4E3A;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x8FB9;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x300E;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x56FE;&#x300F;&#x3002;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x8FB9;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x8D28;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x53EF;&#x5927;&#x81F4;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x4E24;&#x7C7B;&#xFF1A;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x7C7B;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6709;&#x5411;&#x65E0;&#x73AF;&#x56FE;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x6709;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x6216;&#x8D1D;&#x53F6;&#x65AF;&#x7F51;&#xFF1B;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x7C7B;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65E0;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x65E0;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x6216;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x7F51;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page319: &#x63A8;&#x65AD;</p>
<p>&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x6846;&#x67B6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5F52;&#x7ED3;&#x4E8E;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x63A8;&#x6D4B;&#x672A;&#x77E5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x300E;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x300F;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x6838;&#x5FC3;&#x662F;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x53EF;&#x89C2;&#x6D4B;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x63A8;&#x6D4B;&#x51FA;&#x672A;&#x77E5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page319: &#x9690;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;(Hidden Markov Model)</p>
<p>&#x9690;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#xFF08;HMM&#xFF09;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x662F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x6700;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x8D1D;&#x53F6;&#x65AF;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x65F6;&#x5E8F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5EFA;&#x6A21;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x8BED;&#x97F3;&#x8BC6;&#x522B;&#x3001;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7B49;&#x9886;&#x57DF;&#x6709;&#x5E7F;&#x6CDB;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page322: &#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;(Markov Random Field)</p>
<p>&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#xFF08;MRF&#xFF09;&#x662F;&#x5178;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x8457;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#x65E0;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x56FE;&#x4E2D;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x8FB9;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page322: &#x52BF;&#x51FD;&#x6570;(potential functions)</p>
<p>&#x540C;&#x56E0;&#x5B50;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page322: &#x56E0;&#x5B50;(factor)</p>
<p>&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x52BF;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4EA6;&#x79F0;&#x300E;&#x56E0;&#x5B50;&#x300F;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5728;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5B50;&#x96C6;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x975E;&#x8D1F;&#x5B9E;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;<br>&#x5BF9;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B50;&#x96C6;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x4E24;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x95F4;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x8FB9;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x79F0;&#x8BE5;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x5B50;&#x96C6;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x300E;&#x56E2;&#x300F;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x8054;&#x5408;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x80FD;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x56E2;&#x5206;&#x89E3;&#x4E3A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x56E0;&#x5B50;&#x7684;&#x4E58;&#x79EF;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x56E0;&#x5B50;&#x4EC5;&#x4E0E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x56E2;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page323: &#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;(global Markov property)</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x4E2D;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x300E;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x6027;&#x300F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x501F;&#x52A9;&#x300E;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#x300F;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x3002;&#x82E5;&#x4ECE;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x96C6; A &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x5230; B &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x90FD;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x96C6; C &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x79F0;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x96C6; A &#x548C; B &#x88AB;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x96C6; C &#x5206;&#x79BB;&#xFF0C;C &#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x300E;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#x96C6;&#x300F;&#x3002;<br>&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5B50;&#x96C6;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#x96C6;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x8FD9;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5B50;&#x96C6;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x3002;<br>&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x4EE4; A&#xFF0C;B &#x548C; C &#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x96C6;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4E3A; <script type="math/tex; ">X_A</script>&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">X_B</script>&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">X_C</script>&#xFF0C;&#x5219; <script type="math/tex; ">X_A</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">X_B</script> &#x5728;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A; <script type="math/tex; ">X_C</script> &#x7684;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x4E0B;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#xFF0C;&#x8BB0;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;<script type="math/tex; ">X_A \perp X_B \mid X_C</script>&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page324: &#x5C40;&#x90E8;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;(local Markov property)</p>
<p>&#x7531;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;&#x5F97;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8BBA;&#x4E4B;&#x4E00;&#x3002;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x67D0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x90BB;&#x63A5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x8BE5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x4E8E;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;<br>&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x5316;&#x5730;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE4; <script type="math/tex; ">V</script> &#x4E3A;&#x56FE;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x96C6;&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">n(v)</script> &#x4E3A;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9; <script type="math/tex; ">v</script> &#x5728;&#x56FE;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x90BB;&#x63A5;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">n^*(v) = n(v) \cup \{v\}</script>&#xFF0C;&#x6709; <script type="math/tex; ">X_v \perp X_{V \setminus{n}^*(v)} \mid X_n(v)</script>.<br>&#x6CE8;&#xFF1A;<script type="math/tex; ">\setminus</script> &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x300E;&#x975E;&#x300F;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page325: &#x6210;&#x5BF9;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;(pairwise Markov property)</p>
<p>&#x7531;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;&#x5F97;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8BBA;&#x4E4B;&#x4E00;&#x3002;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x975E;&#x90BB;&#x63A5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x5316;&#x5730;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE4;&#x56FE;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x96C6;&#x548C;&#x8FB9;&#x96C6;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4E3A; <script type="math/tex; ">V</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">E</script>&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x56FE;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9; <script type="math/tex; ">u</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">v</script>&#xFF0C;&#x82E5; <script type="math/tex; ">\langle u,v \rangle \notin E</script>&#xFF0C;&#x5219; <script type="math/tex; ">X_u \perp X_v \mid X_{V\setminus \langle u,v \rangle}</script>.<br>&#x6CE8;&#xFF1A;<script type="math/tex; ">\setminus</script> &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x300E;&#x975E;&#x300F;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page325: &#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6BEF;(Markov blanket)</p>
<p>&#x67D0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x90BB;&#x63A5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x5408;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x8BE5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6BEF;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page325: &#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;(Conditional Random Field)</p>
<p>&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x5224;&#x522B;&#x5F0F;&#x65E0;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x5224;&#x522B;&#x5F0F;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x5BF9;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5EFA;&#x6A21;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x770B;&#x4F5C;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x89C2;&#x6D4B;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x770B;&#x4F5C;&#x5BF9;&#x7387;&#x56DE;&#x5F52;&#xFF08;&#x5E38;&#x8BF4;&#x7684;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x56DE;&#x5F52;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x3002;<br>&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x8BD5;&#x56FE;&#x5BF9;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5728;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x89C2;&#x6D4B;&#x503C;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5EFA;&#x6A21;&#x3002;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x4EE4; <script type="math/tex; ">X=\{x_1,x_2,...,x_n\}</script> &#x4E3A;&#x89C2;&#x6D4B;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">\mathrm{y} = \{y_1,y_2,...,y_n\}</script> &#x4E3A;&#x4E0E;&#x4E4B;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x662F;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x6A21;&#x578B; <script type="math/tex; ">P(\mathrm{y}|X)</script>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <script type="math/tex; ">y</script> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x578B;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x5176;&#x5206;&#x91CF;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x79CD;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4EE4; <script type="math/tex; ">G=\langle V,E \rangle</script> &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#x4E0E;&#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathrm{y}</script> &#x4E2D;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x4E00;&#x4E00;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x65E0;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">\mathit{y}_v</script> &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E0E;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9; <script type="math/tex; ">v</script> &#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">n(v)</script> &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9; <script type="math/tex; ">v</script> &#x7684;&#x90BB;&#x63A5;&#x7ED3;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x56FE; <script type="math/tex; ">G</script> &#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathit{y}_v</script> &#x90FD;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#xFF1A;<br><script type="math/tex; ">P(\mathit{y} \mid \mathrm{x}, \mathrm{y}_{V\setminus\{v\}}) = P(\mathit{y}_v \mid \mathrm{x}, \mathrm{y}_{n(v)})</script> &#x5219; <script type="math/tex; ">(\mathrm{y}, \mathrm{x})</script> &#x6784;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page326: &#x94FE;&#x5F0F;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;(chain-structured CRF)</p>
<p>&#x6784;&#x6210;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#x7684;&#x56FE; <script type="math/tex; ">G</script>&#xFF0C;&#x7406;&#x8BBA;&#x4E0A;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x53EF;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x80FD;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x6027;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;<br>&#x4F46;&#x5728;&#x73B0;&#x5B9E;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C24;&#x5176;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x5EFA;&#x6A21;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x4ECD;&#x662F;&#x94FE;&#x5F0F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#xFF1A;&#x94FE;&#x5F0F;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x573A;&#xFF08;chain-structured CRF&#xFF09;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page328: &#x8FB9;&#x9645;&#x5206;&#x5E03;(marginal distribution)</p>
<p>&#x8FB9;&#x9645;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x5BF9;&#x65E0;&#x5173;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x6216;&#x79EF;&#x5206;&#x540E;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;<br>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x5728;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x7F51;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x8054;&#x5408;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x88AB;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x6210;&#x6781;&#x5927;&#x56E2;&#x7684;&#x52BF;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E58;&#x79EF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x53C2;&#x6570; <script type="math/tex; ">\Theta</script> &#x6C42;&#x89E3;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <script type="math/tex; ">x</script> &#x7684;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x5BF9;&#x8054;&#x5408;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x4E2D;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x79EF;&#x5206;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x300E;&#x8FB9;&#x9645;&#x5316;&#x300F;&#xFF08;marginalization&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page328: &#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6D88;&#x53BB;</p>
<p>&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5927;&#x81F4;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;&#x7CBE;&#x786E;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x8FD1;&#x4F3C;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;<br>&#x7CBE;&#x786E;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5B9E;&#x8D28;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x89C4;&#x5212;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x6240;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7684;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x6027;&#x6765;&#x524A;&#x51CF;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x503C;&#x6240;&#x9700;&#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6D88;&#x53BB;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x76F4;&#x89C2;&#x7684;&#x7CBE;&#x786E;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7CBE;&#x786E;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x3002;<br>&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6D88;&#x53BB;&#x6CD5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x4E58;&#x6CD5;&#x5BF9;&#x52A0;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7387;&#xFF0C;&#x628A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x79EF;&#x7684;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x8F6C;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;&#x5BF9;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4EA4;&#x66FF;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6C42;&#x79EF;&#x4E0E;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x8F6C;&#x5316;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x7684;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x4E0E;&#x6C42;&#x79EF;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x5728;&#x5C40;&#x90E8;&#xFF0C;&#x4EC5;&#x4E0E;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x7B80;&#x5316;&#x4E86;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x3002;<br>&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x7684;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;&#x82E5;&#x9700;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x8FB9;&#x9645;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6D88;&#x53BB;&#x6CD5;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x5927;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x5197;&#x4F59;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page330: &#x4FE1;&#x5FF5;&#x4F20;&#x64AD;(340)(Belief Propagation)</p>
<p>&#x4EA6;&#x79F0; Sum-Product &#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6D88;&#x53BB;&#x6CD5;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x770B;&#x4F5C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x8F83;&#x597D;&#x5730;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x4E86;&#x6C42;&#x89E3;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x8FB9;&#x9645;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;<br>&#x4FE1;&#x5FF5;&#x4F20;&#x64AD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x6700;&#x65E9;&#x7531; Pearl &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x7CBE;&#x786E;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x63D0;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x540E;&#x6765;&#x884D;&#x751F;&#x51FA;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x8FD1;&#x4F3C;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x5BF9;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7684;&#x5E26;&#x73AF;&#x56FE;&#xFF0C;&#x4FE1;&#x5FF5;&#x4F20;&#x64AD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x9700;&#x5728;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x3001;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7B49;&#x73AF;&#x8282;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8C03;&#x6574;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x6B64;&#x5F62;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x4FE1;&#x5FF5;&#x4F20;&#x64AD;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#xFF08;Loopy Belief Propagation&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page331: MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo)</p>
<p>&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x94FE;&#x8499;&#x7279;&#x5361;&#x6D1B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x4E2D;&#x6700;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x91C7;&#x6837;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x3002;<br>MCMC &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5148;&#x8BBE;&#x6CD5;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x94FE;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x5176;&#x6536;&#x655B;&#x81F3;&#x5E73;&#x7A33;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x6070;&#x4E3A;&#x5F85;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x9A8C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x6761;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x94FE;&#x6765;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x7B26;&#x5408;&#x540E;&#x9A8C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#x6765;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x9A6C;&#x5C14;&#x79D1;&#x592B;&#x94FE;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x81F3;&#x5173;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5C06;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684; MCMC &#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page333: MH &#x7B97;&#x6CD5;(Metropolis-Hastings)</p>
<p>MH&#xFF08;Metropolis-Hastings&#xFF09;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x662F; MCMC &#x7684;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x300E;&#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x91C7;&#x6837;&#x300F;&#x6765;&#x903C;&#x8FD1;&#x5E73;&#x7A33;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x3002;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x8F6E;&#x91C7;&#x6837;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5019;&#x9009;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5019;&#x9009;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#x4F1A;&#x4EE5;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x88AB;&#x300E;&#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x300F;&#x6389;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page334: &#x53D8;&#x5206;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;(variational inference)</p>
<p>&#x53D8;&#x5206;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x6765;&#x903C;&#x8FD1;&#x9700;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x7684;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x8FD1;&#x4F3C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x5C40;&#x90E8;&#x6700;&#x4F18;&#x3001;&#x4F46;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x89E3;&#x7684;&#x8FD1;&#x4F3C;&#x540E;&#x9A8C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x3002;<br>&#x53D8;&#x5206;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x8FD1;&#x4F3C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x987B;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x826F;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x503C;&#x6027;&#x8D28;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDE;&#x7EED;&#x578B;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5BC6;&#x5EA6;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x6765;&#x523B;&#x753B;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page334: &#x76D8;&#x5F0F;&#x8BB0;&#x6CD5;(plate notation)</p>
<p>&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x7B80;&#x6D01;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x7531;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x88AB;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6846;&#xFF08;&#x76D8;&#xFF09;&#x5185;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6846;&#x4E2D;&#x6807;&#x51FA;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x4E2A;&#x6570; <script type="math/tex; ">N</script>&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x6846;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5D4C;&#x5957;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x9634;&#x5F71;&#x6807;&#x6CE8;&#x51FA;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x80FD;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x76D8;&#x5F0F;&#x8BB0;&#x6CD5;&#x5C06;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x56FE;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x7B80;&#x6D01;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page335: KL &#x6563;&#x5EA6;(414)(Kullback-Leibler divergence)</p>
<p>&#x4EA6;&#x79F0;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x71B5;&#x6216;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x6563;&#x5EA6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5EA6;&#x91CF;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5206;&#x90E8;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x3002;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5206;&#x5E03; <script type="math/tex; ">P</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">Q</script>&#xFF0C;&#x4E8C;&#x8005;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684; KL &#x6563;&#x5EA6;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;<br><script type="math/tex; ">KL(P \parallel Q) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} p(x) \log \frac {p(x)}{q(x)}dx</script>&#xFF0C;<br>&#x5176;&#x4E2D; <script type="math/tex; ">p(x)</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">q(x)</script> &#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4E3A; <script type="math/tex; ">P</script> &#x548C; <script type="math/tex; ">Q</script> &#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x5BC6;&#x5EA6;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page337: &#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x573A;(mean field)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x53D8;&#x5206;&#x6CD5;&#x5BF9;&#x9690;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x9690;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <script type="math/tex; ">z_j</script> &#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x878D;&#x5408;&#x4E86; <script type="math/tex; ">z_j</script> &#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; <script type="math/tex; ">z_{i \ne j}</script> &#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8054;&#x5408;&#x4F3C;&#x7136;&#x51FD;&#x6570; <script type="math/tex; ">\ln p(x,z)</script> &#x5728; <script type="math/tex; ">z_j</script> &#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x9690;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x4E0A;&#x6C42;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x573A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Page337: &#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x6A21;&#x578B;(topic model)</p>
<p>&#x4E00;&#x65CF;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5F0F;&#x6709;&#x5411;&#x56FE;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x79BB;&#x6563;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF08;&#x5982;&#x6587;&#x672C;&#x96C6;&#x5408;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x68C0;&#x7D22;&#x3001;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7B49;&#x9886;&#x57DF;&#x6709;&#x5E7F;&#x6CDB;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x3002;<br>&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#xFF0C;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x8BCD;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x8BE5;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x4E0B;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>Page337: &#x9690;&#x72C4;&#x5229;&#x514B;&#x96F7;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x6A21;&#x578B;(Latent Dirichlet Allocation)</p>
<p>&#x9690;&#x72C4;&#x5229;&#x514B;&#x96F7;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#xFF08;Latent Dirichlet Allocation&#xFF0C;&#x7B80;&#x79F0; LDA&#xFF09;&#x662F;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5178;&#x578B;&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x3002;<br>&#x73B0;&#x5B9E;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x4E2D;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x8BCD;&#x6765;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x8BCD;&#x9891;&#x5411;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x8FD9;&#x7EC4;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x8C08;&#x8BBA;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x3002;LDA &#x4ECE;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5F0F;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x89D2;&#x5EA6;&#x770B;&#x5F85;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x548C;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x3002;<br>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;LDA &#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x6BCF;&#x7BC7;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x59A8;&#x7528;&#x5411;&#x91CF; <script type="math/tex; ">\Theta_t \in \mathbb{R}^N</script> &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x6863; <script type="math/tex; ">t</script> &#x4E2D;&#x6240;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;<script type="math/tex; ">\Theta_{t,k}</script> &#x5373;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x6863; <script type="math/tex; ">t</script> &#x4E2D;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x8BDD;&#x9898; <script type="math/tex; ">k</script> &#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDB;&#x800C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x7531;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x6587;&#x6863; <script type="math/tex; ">t</script>&#xFF1A;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4E3A; <script type="math/tex; ">\alpha</script> &#x7684;&#x72C4;&#x5229;&#x514B;&#x96F7;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x91C7;&#x6837;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x5206;&#x5E03; <script type="math/tex; ">\Theta_t</script>&#xFF1B;</p>
</li>
<li>&#x6309;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; <script type="math/tex; ">N</script> &#x4E2A;&#x8BCD;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E; <script type="math/tex; ">\Theta_t</script> &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x6307;&#x6D3E;&#xFF0C;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x6587;&#x6863; <script type="math/tex; ">t</script> &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x8BCD; <script type="math/tex; ">n</script> &#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#x9898; <script type="math/tex; ">z_t,n</script>&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x6307;&#x6D3E;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#x9898;&#x6240;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x8BCD;&#x9891;&#x5206;&#x5E03; <script type="math/tex; ">\mathcal{\beta_k}</script> &#x968F;&#x673A;&#x91C7;&#x6837;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x8BCD;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>Page340: &#x975E;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;(non-parametric)&#x6CD5;</p>
<p>&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x7ED9;&#x5B9A;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5047;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x603B;&#x4F53;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x542B;&#x6709;&#x82E5;&#x5E72;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x8981;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#x603B;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x672C;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x505A;&#x51FA;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x67D0;&#x79CD;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x68C0;&#x9A8C;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x7C7B;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x975E;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x975E;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x65E0;&#x987B;&#x4E8B;&#x5148;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x8D1D;&#x53F6;&#x65AF;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x53D1;&#x5C55;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ul>

                                
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